Pharmaceutical Review (Associate Editor) By 3D printing human stem cells, researchers have created an artificial tissue that resembles a condensed cerebral cortex. The structures merged with the host tissue when inserted into mouse brain slices. The ground-breaking method created by University of Oxford researchers may one day offer specialized fixes for those who sustain brain damage. For the first time, the researchers showed that neuronal cells may be 3D printed to resemble the cerebral cortex’s structure. The findings were released in the journal Nature Communications today. The cerebral cortex, or outer layer of the brain, is frequently severely damaged in brain injuries, including those brought on by trauma, stroke, and surgery for brain tumors. This causes problems with cognition, movement, and communication. For instance, each Globally, traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects around 70 million people, with 5 million of these instances being severe or fatal. For severe brain injuries, there are currently no effective treatments, which has a significant impact on quality of life.Researchers at the University of Oxford used 3D printing to create a two-layered brain tissue. The cells convincingly integrated structurally and functionally into mouse brain slices after implantation.